A Review of Optimization Techniques for Power and Energy Supervision in Micro Grids

Abstract

Increased penetration from renewable energy sources needed for the effective use of distributed energy systems.  Multi-energy systems and microgrids play a critical role in integrating renewable sources. Optimal supervision of Distributed Energy Resources can be achieved by energy management and provides significant economic and environmental benefits. The superior confrontation for the efficient utilization of these resources is the intermittent nature of RESs. To ensure the grid to operate in a reliable state, it takes full advantage of renewable energy sources by optimally dispatching stable fossil-fuel generation and/or battery storage. For economic feasibility, and development, traditional power grids power, and energy management must be addressed. A microgrid possesses independent controls and intentional islanding that take place with minimal service interruption. Power and energy management of a microgrid is a complex process due to existing alternatives, constraints, and undetermined targets. It can respond to change in the load while decreasing the feeder losses and improving local reliability. During the scheduling process, different optimization problems can be applied for the effective supervision of power and energy targets. Microgrids are reliable when there is an event of grid failure or outage. This paper begins with an overview of microgrid control and reviews various classical, evolutionary, and hybrid optimization algorithms in terms of objectives, constraints in microgrids, and typical problems that they may be used to solve and various challenges that a microgrid researcher may face.