Interaction between Surface Water and Groundwater by Using Hydrochemical Analysis and Stable Isotope

Abstract

Effective water management requires an understanding of the components of the hydrological cycle and the relationships between surface water and groundwater. One of the most important relationships traditionally found in water resource management is the interaction between surface water and groundwater. This research aim to identify the relationship between surface water and groundwater in UTHM campus by applying two method which is hydrochemical analysis and stable isotope approach. The result from hydrochemical analysis by piper diagram indicate that all surface water was characterized as freshwater types Ca2+ - Mg2+- Cl- - SO42-, while groundwater is characterized by saline water due to seawater intrusion with water types of Na+ - K+ - CI- - SO42-. Even though, the isotopic composition for ?18O and ?2H values of surface water were quite similar to that of groundwater samples as they varying between -4.32%o to -9.74%o for ?18O and from -33.86%o to -65.82%o for ?2H, these surface water samples had low salinity of chloride that less than 20 mg/l compared with groundwater with chloride concentration that more than 3000 mg/l which effects from evaporation and seawater intrusion on groundwater samples. Therefore, it indicates that the interaction between surface water and groundwater does not occur and groundwater recharges may be located outside of this study area.

 Keywords: Hydrochemical, Isotope, Surface Water, Groundwater, Interaction.