Flah Floods Modelling in an Arid Zone Based on Remotely Sensing Data and GIS Application

Abstract

In recent years, flash floods are common phenomena in many parts of the world, which cause severe hazards to an urban area, economy and humans’ lives. Floods are one of the most hydrological hazards as a result of heavy rain in a short period of fewer than six hours. Thus, this phenomenon can be the most significant natural hazards occurring in aridity lands. However, humans cannot avoid the occurring of floods and the impact it is on both an urban area and environment, but also, they can reduce their effects. Hence, there are many hydrological models have applied to predict of risk of floods in tropical lands and arid zones. This paper aims to give information about the floods, including hydrology models and the possibility of Remote Sensing (RS) and Remote Sensing Data (RSD) to model and management of floods in arid zones.  Also, the application of Geographical Information System GIS and RS extract of floods based on RSD. RS is essential sources for observation of the Earth, and it makes that is easy to study environmental risk. Thus, this study found that floods are the most frequent natural risk in global. Also, it is the most significant potential risks that threaten an urban area and human activity. That quality of RS and its accuracy based on pixel size is effects on images value. However, the integration between (RSD) and Geographical Information System (GIS) are significant to enhance urban flooding prediction and risk management.